ABSTRACT
RESUMO Quais seriam os tipos de discursos eleitorais para o setor de saúde registrados por candidaturas para governos municipais? Para investigar essa questão, realizou-se estudo qualitativo com análise hermenêutica de documentos programáticos eleitorais, registrados por candidaturas majoritárias no primeiro turno das eleições municipais de 2016, nas metrópoles brasileiras de São Paulo (SP) e do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Na maioria dos discursos, não havia a descrição de estratégias institucionais específicas para a saúde, muito menos os seus termos de viabilidade e factibilidade. Evidenciaram-se quatro pretensões discursivas distintas, nas quais as proposições para políticas de saúde ou estavam reduzidas ao aspecto gerencial ou subsumidas a lugares-comuns discursivos. Contextualmente, evidenciou-se a ênfase em discursos normativos e apelos performáticos, sem consubstanciação em discursos práticos.
ABSTRACT What would the types of electoral speeches be for the health sector registered by applications to municipal governments? To investigate this issue, a qualitative study was carried out with a hermeneutical analysis of electoral program documents, registered by majority candidates in the first round of the municipal elections of 2016 in the Brazilian metropolises of São Paulo (SP) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ). In most of the speeches there was no description of specific institutional strategies for health, much less its terms of viability and feasibility. Four distinct discursive profiles were emphasized, in which the propositions for health policies were either reduced to the managerial aspect or subsumed by discursive commonplaces. Contextually, there was an emphasis on normative discourses and performative appeals, without consubstantiation in practical discourses.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Dermatophytoses are considered a public health problem. The objectives of this study were to determine the evolution of their prevalence in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and to analyze the dermatophyte species distribution according to body site and demographic characteristics of the patients. METHODOLOGY: This work was a retrospective analysis of data from patients attending a tertiary care hospital during 1996-2011. RESULTS: There were 9,048 cases with cultures positive for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum occurred in 59.6% of the cases, followed by Trichophyton interdigitale (34%), Microsporum canis (2.6%), Epidermophyton floccosum (1.5%), Microsporum gypseum (1.3%), and Trichophyton tonsurans (0.9%). The angular coefficients for T. interdigitale, E. floccosum, T. rubrum, and M. canis were +1.119, +0.211, -0.826 and -0.324% per year, respectively. Males presented higher prevalence of infection (79.3% versus 53.9%). Tinea unguium occurred in 48.5% of the cases, followed by tinea pedis (33.1%). T. rubrum was the predominant species in all regions of the body except the scalp, where M. canis was responsible for 75% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Monitoring of the evolution of dermatophytosis tracks changes in prevalence over the years and may assist practical measures for the public health control of this disease.
